CVE Intelligence
High Input validation

CVE-2016-1182 — Improper Input Validation in Apache Struts

ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 does not properly restrict the Validator configuration, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks or cause a denial of service via crafted input, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.

Published Jul 4, 2016 · Updated Oct 15, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: jpcert

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 25.7% (30-day exploitation probability)+15
  • Technical severity (high)+6
  • Automatable exploitation (SSVC)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
25.74%
ahead of 98% of scored CVEs · Oct 15, 2026
Affects
Apache Software Foundation
Struts and 2 more
CVSS base
8.2
High · 2 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
Yes
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Partial
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
  • Documented patch — www.oracle.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Apache Software Foundation Struts, Maven Org.apache.struts:struts-core, Maven Struts:struts).
  2. The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
  3. Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
  4. EPSS ahead of 98% of scored CVEs: prioritize it in the patch queue.
  5. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (input validation), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
Apache Software Foundation Struts version 1.0-beta1version 1.3.10version 1.3.9version 1.3.8version 1.3.7version 1.3.6version 1.3.5version 1.2.9
and 20 more version 1.2.8version 1.2.7version 1.2.6version 1.2.5version 1.2.4version 1.2.3version 1.2.2version 1.2.1version 1.2.0version 1.1-rc2version 1.1-rc1version 1.1-b3version 1.1-b2version 1.1-b1version 1.1version 1.0.2version 1.0.1version 1.0-beta3version 1.0-beta2version 1.0
Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Maven Org.apache.struts:struts-core ≤ 1.3.10 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories
Maven Struts:struts ≤ 1.2.9 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
8.2 CVSS 3.0 High 3.9 4.2 nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database
8.2 CVSS 3.0 High — — GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories
6.4 CVSS 2.0 Medium 10.0 4.9 nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-20 · Improper Input Validation

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPS

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Affected products added · maven/org.apache.struts:struts-core, maven/struts:struts
    Oct 15, 2026 · GitHub Security Advisories
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 15, 2026
  • Fix documented
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Affected products added · apache/struts
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVSS changed · 8.2
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Modified
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 15, 2026 · Alertas do Telegram
  • 2016
  • CVE published
    Jul 4, 2016 · jpcert

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 2× References added · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026

References

23 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

Apache Software Foundation
every CVE for this vendor
Input validation
same class
CWE-20
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2026-104712 Apache Struts: Disproportionate response size when rendering BigDecimal request parameters 9d
  • CVE-2026-104711 Apache Struts: OGNL injection in the legacy RESTful action mapper 9d
  • CVE-2026-104713 Apache Struts: Unbounded request body read in the REST plugin 9d
  • CVE-2026-104714 Apache Struts: Shared message formatter exposes date and time values across concurrent requests 9d
  • CVE-2025-68493 Apache Struts, Apache Struts: XXE vulnerability in outdated XWork component Jan 11, 2026
  • CVE-2025-66675 Apache Struts: File leak in multipart request processing causes disk exhaustion (DoS) - version ranges fixed Dec 10, 2025

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2016-1182 is "Improper Input Validation in Apache Struts", rated High. It affects Struts (Apache Software Foundation); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 8.2 describes technical severity. EPSS 25.74% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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