Medium

CVE-2024-7478 — Username Enumeration via External User Stores in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows User Account Discovery

When a WSO2 product is configured to use an external user store, the system fails to adequately obscure the existence or validity of usernames during authentication attempts. This oversight allows an attacker to repeatedly query the authentication mechanism with different username guesses, enabling the enumeration of valid usernames present in the external user store. The discovery of valid usernames can increase the risk of targeted brute-force attacks, social engineering, and information leakage. Attackers can leverage this information to craft more convincing phishing campaigns or other social engineering tactics to trick users into revealing sensitive data. The presence of username enumeration could also negatively impact an organization's reputation, leading to loss of customer trust, regulatory non-compliance, and potential legal and financial repercussions.

Published Oct 21, 2026 · Updated Oct 21, 2026 · Sources: CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, NIST National Vulnerability Database · CNA: WSO2

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

EPSS 0.2% (30-day exploitation probability)+2
Technical severity (medium)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

0.24%

ahead of 14% of scored CVEs · Oct 22, 2026

Affects

WSO2

Api Manager and 5 more

CVSS base

5.8

Medium · 2 source(s)

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (WSO2 Api Manager, WSO2 Identity Server, WSO2 Identity Server As Key Manager…).
The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
Search available logs for exploit probes, errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
WSO2	Api Manager	≥ 3.2.0 and < 3.2.0.401≥ 3.2.1 and < 3.2.1.26≥ 4.0.0 and < 4.0.0.318≥ 4.1.0 and < 4.1.0.180≥ 4.2.0 and < 4.2.0.119≥ 4.3.0 and < 4.3.0.30≥ 3.1.0 and < 3.1.0.310	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2	Identity Server	≥ 5.10.0 and < 5.10.0.326≥ 6.0.0 and < 6.0.0.214≥ 6.1.0 and < 6.1.0.198≥ 7.0.0 and < 7.0.0.67	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2	Identity Server As Key Manager	≥ 5.10.0 and < 5.10.0.320	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2	Open Banking Am	≥ 2.0.0 and < 2.0.0.351	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2	Open Banking Iam	≥ 2.0.0 and < 2.0.0.371	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2	WSO2 Carborn Identity Handler	≥ 1.4.0 and < 1.4.0.15≥ 1.4.0 and < 1.4.0.16≥ 1.4.11 and < 1.4.11.14≥ 1.4.37 and < 1.4.37.1≥ 1.6.1 and < 1.6.1.5≥ 1.7.1 and < 1.7.1.1≥ 1.8.6 and < 1.8.6.5≥ 1.8.14 and < 1.8.14.1 and 1 more ≥ 1.9.2 and < 1.9.2.4	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Network

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

None

User interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

Low

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
5.8	CVSS 3.1	Medium	3.9	1.4	ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8 via NIST National Vulnerability Database
5.8	CVSS 3.1	Medium	—	—	WSO2 via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N (score shown at the top: ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-204

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).

web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPS

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Source status changed · Received → Awaiting Analysis
Oct 21, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · Published → Received
Oct 21, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record published
Oct 21, 2026
CVSS changed · 5.8
Oct 21, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Source status changed · → Published
Oct 21, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record created in this database
Oct 21, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVE published
Oct 21, 2026 · WSO2

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

1× Official description updated · Oct 21, 2026 – Oct 21, 2026

References

1 on the record

security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2024-3
vendor-advisory, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Elsewhere on this site

WSO2
every CVE for this vendor

CWE-204
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

Unknown CVE-2025-0326 Improper Token Revocation in WSO2 Identity Server Allows Unauthorized Access 1d
Medium CVE-2024-6423 Sensitive Data Exposure via URL Parameters in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Confidential Information Leakage 1d
Medium CVE-2024-5563 Incomplete reCaptcha Implementation in Authentication Flows in WSO2 Identity Server Allows Brute Force Attacks 1d
Medium CVE-2024-5139 Cross-Site Scripting via Authentication Endpoint in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables UI Manipulation and Redirection 1d
Medium CVE-2024-4989 Open Redirection via Callback URL in WSO2 API Manager Allows Phishing Attacks 1d
Medium CVE-2024-2323 Password Brute Force via Password History Validation in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows User Account Discovery 3d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
No CISA SSVC assessment.
No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2024-7478 is "Username Enumeration via External User Stores in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows User Account Discovery", rated Medium. It affects Api Manager (WSO2); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 5.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.24% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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