High File handling exploit reference

CVE-2025-1131 — Asterisk Unsafe Shell Sourcing in safe_asterisk Leads to Local Privilege Escalation

A local privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the safe_asterisk script included with the Asterisk toolkit package. When Asterisk is started via this script (common in SysV init or FreePBX environments), it sources all .sh files located in /etc/asterisk/startup.d/ as root, without validating ownership or permissions. Non-root users with legitimate write access to /etc/asterisk can exploit this behaviour by placing malicious scripts in the startup.d directory, which will then execute with root privileges upon service restart.

Published Sep 23, 2025 · Updated Oct 19, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: Gridware

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

EPSS 0.2% (30-day exploitation probability)+2
Technical severity (high)+6
CISA SSVC: exploitation "poc"+5

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

0.22%

ahead of 11% of scored CVEs · Oct 20, 2026

Affects

Asterisk

Asterisk and 1 more

CVSS base

7.8

High · 3 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation

Proof of concept

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

can an attacker script the kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Total

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Asterisk Asterisk, Sangoma Asterisk, Sangoma Certified Asterisk).
No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (file handling), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Asterisk	Asterisk	version Asterisk <= 22.5.0version Asterisk <= 21.10.0version Asterisk <= 20.15.0version Asterisk <=18.26.2	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Sangoma	Asterisk	≥ 20.0.0 and < 20.15.1< 18.26.3≥ 21.0.0 and < 21.10.1≥ 22.0.0 and < 22.5.1	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database
Sangoma	Certified Asterisk	version 18.9-cert8-rc1version 18.9-cert1version 20.7-cert6version 20.7-cert5version 20.7-cert4version 20.7-cert3version 20.7-cert2version 20.7-cert1-rc2 and 18 more version 20.7-cert1-rc1version 20.7-cert1version 18.9-cert9version 18.9-cert8-rc2version 18.9-cert1-rc1version 18.9-cert8version 18.9-cert7version 18.9-cert6version 18.9-cert5version 18.9-cert4version 18.9-cert3version 18.9-cert2version 18.9-cert15version 18.9-cert14version 18.9-cert13version 18.9-cert12version 18.9-cert11version 18.9-cert10	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Local

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

Low

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
7.0	CVSS 4.0	High	—	—	b7efe717-a805-47cf-8e9a-921fca0ce0ce via NIST National Vulnerability Database
7.0	CVSS 4.0	High	—	—	Gridware via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
7.8	CVSS 3.1	High	1.8	5.9	nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-427 · Uncontrolled Search Path Element

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 19, 2026 → Oct 20, 2026 · 2 reading(s) · max 0.22%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Local/physical vector: focus on endpoint telemetry (EDR) from affected hosts.
Monitor file creation in web directories and paths with traversal sequences (../).

endpoint telemetry (EDR)file integrity (FIM)

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · asterisk/asterisk
Oct 19, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
SSVC assessment updated
Oct 19, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 19, 2026
Affected products added · sangoma/asterisk, sangoma/certified asterisk
Oct 19, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVSS changed · 7.8
Oct 19, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · → Modified
Oct 19, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record created in this database
Oct 19, 2026 · Alertas do Telegram
2025
CVE published
Sep 23, 2025 · Gridware

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

1× References added · Oct 19, 2026 – Oct 19, 2026
1× Official description updated · Oct 19, 2026 – Oct 19, 2026

References

2 on the record

github.com/asterisk/asterisk/security/advisories/GHSA-v9q8-9j8m-5xwp
Exploit, Vendor Advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00006.html
NIST National Vulnerability Database

Elsewhere on this site

Asterisk
every CVE for this vendor

File handling
same class

CWE-427
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

Medium CVE-2026-23738 The Asterisk embedded web server 's /httpstatus page echos user supplied values(cookie and query string) without sanitization Feb 6, 2026
Medium CVE-2026-23739 Asterisk xml.c uses unsafe XML_PARSE_NOENT leading to potential XXE Injection Feb 6, 2026
High CVE-2026-23740 Asterisk vulnerable to potential privilege escalation Feb 6, 2026
High CVE-2026-23741 ast_coredumper running as root sources ast_debug_tools.conf from /etc/asterisk; potentially leading to privilege escalation Feb 6, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-1131 is "Asterisk Unsafe Shell Sourcing in safe_asterisk Leads to Local Privilege Escalation", rated High. It affects Asterisk (Asterisk); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.22% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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