CVE-2025-12480 — Gladinet Triofox Improper Access Control Vulnerability

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

CISA required action CISA

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

US federal deadline: Dec 3, 2025 — passed 316 day(s) ago

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Gladinet Triofox, TrioFox TrioFox).
2. Treat as emergency remediation: the CVE is in CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).
3. The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
4. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
5. EPSS ahead of 100% of scored CVEs: prioritize it in the patch queue.
6. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (access control), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-284 · Improper Access Control

Other CVEs with this weakness →

CISA KEV details CISA

CISA lists a CVE once it has evidence of exploitation against real targets.

CISA records ransomware use only for campaigns it has confirmed, so “Unknown” means unrecorded, not ruled out. The deadline binds US federal agencies; for everyone else it is a reference date.

Public exploits, PoCs and detection templates

Public code that demonstrates or tests the flaw raises the odds of mass exploitation — and Nuclei templates help find vulnerable assets in your environment.

Warning: public PoCs are sometimes disguised malware. Use them only for authorized testing in an isolated environment. This portal does not host exploit code — it only points to the sources.

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 12, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 3 reading(s) · max 95.75%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

• Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
• Audit administrative actions and access to resources outside each user’s normal pattern.
• Hunt retroactively in logs from before Nov 12, 2025 (KEV listing): exploitation may have started earlier.

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

• 2026
• Affected products added · triofox/triofox
  Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
• SSVC assessment updated
  Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
• Record published
  Oct 13, 2026
• Affected products added · gladinet/triofox
  Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
• CVSS changed · 9.1
  Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
• Source status changed · → Analyzed
  Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
• Added to CISA KEV (detected)
  Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
• Record created in this database
  Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
• 2025
• Added to CISA KEV catalog
  Nov 11, 2025 · CISA
• CVE published
  Nov 10, 2025 · Mandiant

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

• 2× References added · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026
• 1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

9 on the record

• www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
  US Government Resource, NIST National Vulnerability Database
• github.com/mandiant/Vulnerability-Disclosures/blob/master/2025/MNDT-2025-0008.md
  Third Party Advisory, third-party-advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database
• www.triofox.com/
  Product, product, NIST National Vulnerability Database
• cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/triofox-vulnerability-cve-2025-12480
  Exploit, Third Party Advisory, third-party-advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database
• www.triofox.com
  GitHub Security Advisories
• nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12480
  GitHub Security Advisories
• github.com/advisories/GHSA-26hx-622f-3855
  GitHub Security Advisories
• access.triofox.com/releases_history/
  Release Notes, release-notes, NIST National Vulnerability Database
• access.triofox.com/releases_history
  GitHub Security Advisories

Elsewhere on this site

Related CVEs (same products)

• Critical CVE-2026-8363 Gladinet Triofox Stack-based Buffer Overflow in WOSDeviceDropFolder.dll May 27, 2026
• Critical CVE-2026-8364 Gladinet Triofox Missing Authentication for Critical Functions May 27, 2026
• High CVE-2026-8359 Gladinet Triofox WOSHttpStatusModule.dll NULL Function Pointer Call DoS May 27, 2026
• High CVE-2026-8361 Gladinet Triofox Path Traversal in WOSDefaultHttpModule.dll May 27, 2026
• Critical CVE-2026-8362 Gladinet Triofox Stack-based Buffer Overflow in WOSDefaultHttpModule.dll May 27, 2026
• High CVE-2026-8360 Gladinet Triofox Unchecked Return Value to NULL Pointer Dereference DOS May 27, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

• No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
• No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
• No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
• No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-12480 is "Gladinet Triofox Improper Access Control Vulnerability", rated Critical. It affects Triofox (Gladinet); versions are in the scope table. It is in CISA KEV: there is evidence of real-world exploitation. CVSS 9.1 describes technical severity. EPSS 95.75% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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