CVE Intelligence
Medium Cross-site scripting

CVE-2025-15022 — Cross-site scripting in Action caption

Action captions in Vaadin accept HTML by default but were not sanitized, potentially allowing Cross-site Scripting (XSS) if caption content is derived from user input. In Vaadin Framework 7 and 8, the Action class is a general-purpose class that may be used by multiple components. The fixed versions sanitize captions by default and provide an API to explicitly enable HTML content mode for backwards compatibility. In Vaadin 23 and newer, the Action class is only used by the Spreadsheet component. The fixed versions sanitize HTML using Jsoup with a relaxed safelist. Vaadin 14 is not affected as Spreadsheet component was not supported. Users of affected versions should apply the following mitigation or upgrade. Releases that have fixed this issue include: Product version Vaadin 7.0.0 - 7.7.49 Vaadin 8.0.0 - 8.29.1 Vaadin 23.1.0 - 23.6.5 Vaadin 24.0.0 - 24.8.13 Vaadin 24.9.0 - 24.9.6 Mitigation Upgrade to 7.7.50 Upgrade to 8.30.0 Upgrade to 23.6.6 Upgrade to 24.8.14 or 24.9.7 Upgrade to 25.0.0 or newer Artifacts     Maven coordinatesVulnerable versionsFixed versioncom.vaadin:vaadin-server 7.0.0 - 7.7.49 ≥7.7.50 com.vaadin:vaadin-server 8.0.0 - 8.29.1 ≥8.30.0 com.vaadin:vaadin 23.1.0 - 23.6.5 ≥23.6.6 com.vaadin:vaadin24.0.0 - 24.8.13 ≥24.8.14 com.vaadin:vaadin24.9.0 - 24.9.6 ≥24.9.7 com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 23.1.0 - 23.6.5 ≥23.6.6 com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 24.0.0 - 24.8.13 ≥24.8.14 com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 24.9.0 - 24.9.6 ≥24.9.7

Published Jan 5, 2026 · Updated Oct 14, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: Vaadin

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 0.3% (30-day exploitation probability)+4
  • Technical severity (medium)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
0.33%
ahead of 25% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026
Affects
Vaadin
Framework and 5 more
CVSS base
4.8
Medium · 2 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
No
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Partial
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-server: fixed in version 7.7.50 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-server: fixed in version 8.30.0 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin: fixed in version 23.6.6 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin: fixed in version 24.8.14 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin: fixed in version 24.9.7 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow: fixed in version 23.6.6 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow: fixed in version 24.8.14 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow: fixed in version 24.9.7 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Vaadin Framework, Vaadin Vaadin, Vaadin Vaadin-spreadsheet-flow…).
  2. Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
  3. Exploitation requires user interaction: tighten email/web filtering and warn affected users.
  4. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (cross-site scripting), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
Vaadin Framework ≥ 7.0.0 and ≤ 7.7.49≥ 8.0.0 and ≤ 8.29.1 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Vaadin Vaadin ≥ 23.1.0 and ≤ 23.6.5≥ 24.0.0 and ≤ 24.8.13≥ 24.9.0 and ≤ 24.9.6 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Vaadin Vaadin-spreadsheet-flow ≥ 23.1.0 and ≤ 23.6.5≥ 24.0.0 and ≤ 24.8.13≥ 24.9.0 and ≤ 24.9.6 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin ≥ 23.1.0 and < 23.6.6≥ 24.0.0 and < 24.8.14≥ 24.9.0 and < 24.9.7 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories
Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-server ≥ 7.0.0 and < 7.7.50≥ 8.0.0 and < 8.30.0 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories
Maven Com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow ≥ 23.1.0 and < 23.6.6≥ 24.0.0 and < 24.8.14≥ 24.9.0 and < 24.9.7 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Active
Scope
N
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
None
Integrity (vulnerable system)
None
Availability (vulnerable system)
None
Confidentiality (subsequent)
Low
Integrity (subsequent)
Low
Availability (subsequent)
None

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
4.8 CVSS 4.0 Medium — — security@vaadin.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database
4.8 CVSS 4.0 Medium — — Vaadin via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:L/U:Amber (score shown at the top: security@vaadin.com)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-79 · Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 13, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 2 reading(s) · max 0.33%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
  • Monitor CSP violation reports and script payloads in reflected parameters.
web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSapplication logs

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Fix documented
    Oct 14, 2026 · GitHub Security Advisories
  • Affected products added · maven/com.vaadin:vaadin-server, maven/com.vaadin:vaadin, maven/com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow
    Oct 14, 2026 · GitHub Security Advisories
  • Affected products added · vaadin/vaadin, vaadin/framework, vaadin/vaadin-spreadsheet-flow
    Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 13, 2026
  • CVSS changed · 4.8
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Deferred
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVE published
    Jan 5, 2026 · Vaadin

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 1× References added · Oct 14, 2026 – Oct 14, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

5 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

Vaadin
every CVE for this vendor
Cross-site scripting
same class
CWE-79
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2026-2742 Unauthorized session creation via reserved framework path access Mar 10, 2026
  • CVE-2026-2741 Zip Slip Path Traversal on Node Unpack Mar 10, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-15022 is "Cross-site scripting in Action caption", rated Medium. It affects Framework (Vaadin); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 4.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.33% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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