CVE Intelligence
High File handling

CVE-2025-1862 — Authenticated Arbitrary File Upload in Multiple WSO2 Products via BPEL Uploader SOAP Service Leading to Remote Code Execution

An arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper validation of user-supplied filenames in the BPEL uploader SOAP service endpoint. A malicious actor with administrative privileges can upload arbitrary files to a user-controlled location on the server. By leveraging this vulnerability, an attacker can upload a specially crafted payload and achieve remote code execution (RCE), potentially compromising the server and its data.

Published Sep 26, 2025 · Updated Oct 18, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: WSO2

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 0.5% (30-day exploitation probability)+7
  • Technical severity (high)+6

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
0.54%
ahead of 44% of scored CVEs · Oct 18, 2026
Affects
WSO2
Enterprise Integrator and 3 more
CVSS base
7.2
High · 4 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
No
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Total
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, WSO2 Identity Server, WSO2 Identity Server As Key Manager…).
  2. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
  3. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (file handling), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
WSO2 Enterprise Integrator version 6.6.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Enterprise Integrator ≥ 6.6.0 and < 6.6.0.215 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Identity Server version 5.10.0version 5.11.0version 6.0.0version 6.1.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Identity Server ≥ 5.10.0 and < 5.10.0.347≥ 5.11.0 and < 5.11.0.396≥ 6.0.0 and < 6.0.0.232≥ 6.1.0 and < 6.1.0.224 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Identity Server As Key Manager version 5.10.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Identity Server As Key Manager ≥ 5.10.0 and < 5.10.0.340 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Open Banking Iam version 2.0.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Open Banking Iam ≥ 2.0.0 and < 2.0.0.391 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
7.2 CVSS 3.1 High 1.2 5.9 nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database
6.7 CVSS 3.1 Medium 1.2 5.5 ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8 via NIST National Vulnerability Database
6.7 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories
6.7 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — WSO2 via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)
Scoring entities (NIST, CNA, ADP) score independently; each score is shown with its origin. For prioritization we use 7.2 (NVD (NIST)) as a conservative provisional reference — not a definitive official score.

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
  • Monitor file creation in web directories and paths with traversal sequences (../).
web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSfile integrity (FIM)endpoint telemetry (EDR)

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Affected products added · wso2/wso2 enterprise integrator, wso2/wso2 identity server, wso2/wso2 open banking iam, wso2/wso2 identity server as key
    Oct 18, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 18, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 18, 2026
  • Affected products added · wso2/enterprise integrator, wso2/identity server, wso2/identity server as key manager, wso2/open banking iam
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVSS changed · 7.2
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Analyzed
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 18, 2026 · Alertas do Telegram
  • 2025
  • CVE published
    Sep 26, 2025 · WSO2

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 2× References added · Oct 18, 2026 – Oct 18, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 18, 2026 – Oct 18, 2026

References

4 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

WSO2
every CVE for this vendor
File handling
same class
CWE-434
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2025-7203 Sensitive Information Disclosure via Management Console and Product Files in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Retrieval of Credentials 5h
  • CVE-2025-13173 Improper Token Revocation via Session-Bound Token Flow in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Unauthorized Access After Session Termination 5h
  • CVE-2025-10149 Arbitrary Operations via SCIM Endpoints in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables User Account Takeover 5h
  • CVE-2025-13591 Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery 5h
  • CVE-2024-4412 Expression Language Injection via User Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Arbitrary Operations 5h
  • CVE-2024-4457 Remote Code Execution via JDBC User Store Configuration in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Arbitrary Code Execution 1d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-1862 is "Authenticated Arbitrary File Upload in Multiple WSO2 Products via BPEL Uploader SOAP Service Leading to Remote Code Execution", rated High. It affects Enterprise Integrator (WSO2); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.2 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.54% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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