CISA KEV Critical Authentication

CVE-2025-30406 — Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Vulnerability

Gladinet CentreStack through 16.1.10296.56315 (fixed in 16.4.10315.56368) has a deserialization vulnerability due to the CentreStack portal's hardcoded machineKey use, as exploited in the wild in March 2025. This enables threat actors (who know the machineKey) to serialize a payload for server-side deserialization to achieve remote code execution. NOTE: a CentreStack admin can manually delete the machineKey defined in portal\web.config.

Published Apr 3, 2025 · Updated Oct 13, 2026 · Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: mitre

Urgent

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

CISA KEV · Apr 8, 2025 Detection templates (Nuclei) · 1 Metasploit modules · 1 Proofs of concept on GitHub · 2

How the score was calculated

Confirmed exploitation (CISA KEV)+35
Public exploit/PoC (nuclei, metasploit, github)+20
EPSS 94.3% (30-day exploitation probability)+15
Technical severity (critical)+10

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Confirmed

CISA KEV, listed Apr 8, 2025

EPSS FIRST

94.34%

ahead of 100% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026

Affects

Gladinet

Centrestack

CVSS base

9.8

Critical · 4 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation

Active

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

can an attacker script the kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Total

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

Documented patch — gladinetsupport.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)

CISA required action CISA

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

US federal deadline: Apr 29, 2025 — passed 534 day(s) ago

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Gladinet Centrestack).
Treat as emergency remediation: the CVE is in CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).
The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
EPSS ahead of 100% of scored CVEs: prioritize it in the patch queue.
Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (authentication), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Gladinet	Centrestack	< 16.4.10315.56368	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database
Gladinet	Centrestack	< 16.4.10315.56368	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Network

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

None

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
9.8	CVSS 3.1	Critical	3.9	5.9	nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database
9.0	CVSS 3.1	Critical	2.2	6.0	cve@mitre.org via NIST National Vulnerability Database
9.0	CVSS 3.1	Critical	—	—	GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories
9.0	CVSS 3.1	Critical	—	—	mitre via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)

Scoring entities (NIST, CNA, ADP) score independently; each score is shown with its origin. For prioritization we use 9.8 (NVD (NIST)) as a conservative provisional reference — not a definitive official score.

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-798 · Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Other CVEs with this weakness →

CISA KEV details CISA

CISA lists a CVE once it has evidence of exploitation against real targets.

Listed

Apr 8, 2025

Federal deadline

Apr 29, 2025

passed 534 day(s) ago

Ransomware use

Unknown

CISA records ransomware use only for campaigns it has confirmed, so “Unknown” means unrecorded, not ruled out. The deadline binds US federal agencies; for everyone else it is a reference date.

Public exploits, PoCs and detection templates

Public code that demonstrates or tests the flaw raises the odds of mass exploitation — and Nuclei templates help find vulnerable assets in your environment.

Detection templates (Nuclei)

Gladinet CentreStack < 16.4.10315.56368 Use of Hard-coded Key Leads to Unauthenticated RCE

Metasploit modules

Gladinet CentreStack/Triofox ASP.NET ViewState Deserialization excellent Apr 3, 2025

Proofs of concept on GitHub

CVE-2025-30406 ViewState Exploit PoC ★ 91 Jul 31, 2025
Exploit for CVE-2025-30406 ★ 12 Apr 24, 2025

Warning: public PoCs are sometimes disguised malware. Use them only for authorized testing in an isolated environment. This portal does not host exploit code — it only points to the sources.

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 12, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 3 reading(s) · max 94.34%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
Review authentication logs: logins without MFA, anomalous sessions and recently created accounts.
Hunt retroactively in logs from before Apr 8, 2025 (KEV listing): exploitation may have started earlier.

web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSauthentication logs

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · gladinet/centrestack
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
SSVC assessment updated
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 13, 2026
Fix documented
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Affected products added · gladinet/centrestack
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVSS changed · 9.8
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · → Analyzed
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Added to CISA KEV (detected)
Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Record created in this database
Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
2025
Added to CISA KEV catalog
Apr 7, 2025 · CISA
CVE published
Apr 3, 2025 · mitre

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

2× References added · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026
1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

5 on the record

gladinetsupport.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/gladinet/securityadvisory-cve-2005.pdf
Mitigation, Patch, Vendor Advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database
www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
US Government Resource, NIST National Vulnerability Database
www.centrestack.com/p/gce_latest_release.html
Release Notes, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/advisories/GHSA-hgp9-3v5v-223j
GitHub Security Advisories
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30406
GitHub Security Advisories

Elsewhere on this site

Gladinet
every CVE for this vendor

2025-04
what else CISA listed that month

Authentication
same class

CWE-798
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

Critical CVE-2026-54363 CentreStack < 17.5 Hardcoded Key Token Forgery RCE Jul 30, 2026
Medium CVE-2026-54364 CentreStack < 17.4 Session Injection via SelectProvider.aspx Jul 30, 2026
High CVE-2026-54365 CentreStack < 17.3 Unauthenticated User Creation via Deserialization in GSNamespace.dll Jul 30, 2026
High CVE-2026-54366 CentreStack < 17.4 XXE via SharePoint Storage Configuration Jul 30, 2026
High CVE-2026-54367 CentreStack < 17.2 Unauthenticated API Authorization Bypass Jul 30, 2026
High CVE-2026-54368 CentreStack < 17.4 SQL Injection via x-glad-filter Header Jul 30, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-30406 is "Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Vulnerability", rated Critical. It affects Centrestack (Gladinet); versions are in the scope table. It is in CISA KEV: there is evidence of real-world exploitation. CVSS 9.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 94.34% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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