High Injection

CVE-2025-41265 — OS Command Injection in Waterfall WF-500

Nozomi Networks Labs identified a CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') in the Administration WebUI in Waterfall WF-500 TX Host in version 7.9.1.0 R2502171040 that allows remote authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the WF-500 TX Host.

Published May 29, 2026 · Updated Oct 13, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: Nozomi

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

EPSS 0.9% (30-day exploitation probability)+9
Technical severity (high)+6

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

0.88%

ahead of 58% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026

Affects

Waterfall

WF-500 and 1 more

CVSS base

7.2

High · 3 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation

None

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

can an attacker script the kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Total

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Waterfall WF-500, Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware).
No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (injection), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Waterfall	WF-500	≤ 7.9.1.0 R2502171040	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Waterfall-security	Wf-500 Firmware	≤ 7.9.1.0_r2502171040	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Network

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

High

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
8.6	CVSS 4.0	High	—	—	prodsec@nozominetworks.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database
8.6	CVSS 4.0	High	—	—	Nozomi via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
7.2	CVSS 3.1	High	1.2	5.9	nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-78 · OS Command Injection

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 13, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 2 reading(s) · max 0.88%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
Look for parameters with command/query metacharacters and unexpected child processes of the service.

web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSapplication logsendpoint telemetry (EDR)

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · waterfall/wf-500
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
SSVC assessment updated
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 13, 2026
CVSS changed · 7.2
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · → Analyzed
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record created in this database
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVE published
May 29, 2026 · Nozomi

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

1 on the record

www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2025-41265
Vendor Advisory, third-party-advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database

Elsewhere on this site

Waterfall
every CVE for this vendor

Injection
same class

CWE-78
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

High CVE-2025-41281 OS Command Injection in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026
Critical CVE-2025-41276 OS Command Injection in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026
Critical CVE-2025-41277 OS Command Injection in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026
High CVE-2025-41278 Out-of-bounds Read in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026
High CVE-2025-41280 Relative Path Traversal in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026
High CVE-2025-41279 OS Command Injection in Waterfall-security Wf-500 Firmware May 29, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-41265 is "OS Command Injection in Waterfall WF-500", rated High. It affects WF-500 (Waterfall); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.2 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.88% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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