CVE Intelligence
Medium Cross-site scripting

CVE-2025-4760 — Authenticated Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Multiple WSO2 Products via API Document Upload in Publisher

An authenticated stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper validation of user-supplied input during API document upload in the Publisher portal. A user with publisher privileges can upload a crafted API document containing malicious JavaScript, which is later rendered in the browser when accessed by other users. A successful attack could result in redirection to malicious websites, unauthorized UI modifications, or exfiltration of browser-accessible data. However, session-related sensitive cookies are protected by the httpOnly flag, preventing session hijacking.

Published Sep 23, 2025 · Updated Oct 18, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: WSO2

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 0.2% (30-day exploitation probability)+1
  • Technical severity (medium)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
0.19%
ahead of 8% of scored CVEs · Oct 20, 2026
Affects
WSO2
Api Control Plane and 6 more
CVSS base
4.8
Medium · 3 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
No
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Partial
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

  • Maven Org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.api: fixed in version 9.31.117 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)
  • Maven Org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.rest.api.publisher.v1: fixed in version 9.31.117 — github.com (GitHub Security Advisories)

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (WSO2 Api Control Plane, WSO2 Api Manager, WSO2 Traffic Manager…).
  2. Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
  3. Exploitation requires user interaction: tighten email/web filtering and warn affected users.
  4. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (cross-site scripting), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
WSO2 Api Control Plane ≥ 4.5.0 and < 4.5.0.8 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Api Control Plane version 4.5.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Api Manager ≥ 4.4.0 and < 4.4.0.23≥ 4.5.0 and < 4.5.0.7≥ 4.3.0 and < 4.3.0.60≥ 4.2.0 and < 4.2.0.145≥ 4.1.0 and < 4.1.0.209≥ 3.2.1 and < 3.2.1.48≥ 3.2.0 and < 3.2.0.428 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Api Manager version 4.4.0version 4.3.0version 4.2.0version 4.1.0version 3.2.1version 3.2.0version 4.5.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Traffic Manager version 4.5.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 Traffic Manager ≥ 4.5.0 and < 4.5.0.7 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Universal Gateway ≥ 4.5.0 and < 4.5.0.7 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
WSO2 Universal Gateway version 4.5.0 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
WSO2 WSO2 Carbon API Management API ≥ 6.7.206 and < 6.7.206.559≥ 6.7.210 and < 6.7.210.48≥ 9.20.74 and < 9.20.74.365≥ 9.28.116 and < 9.28.116.321≥ 9.29.120 and < 9.29.120.163≥ 9.30.67 and < 9.30.67.80≥ 9.31.86 and < 9.31.86.30 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Maven Org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.api < 9.31.117 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories
Maven Org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.rest.api.publisher.v1 < 9.31.117 Vulnerable GitHub Security Advisories

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
4.8 CVSS 3.1 Medium 1.7 2.7 ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8 via NIST National Vulnerability Database
4.8 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories
4.8 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — WSO2 via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N (score shown at the top: ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-79 · Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 18, 2026 → Oct 20, 2026 · 3 reading(s) · max 0.19%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
  • Monitor CSP violation reports and script payloads in reflected parameters.
web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSapplication logs

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Fix documented
    Oct 18, 2026 · GitHub Security Advisories
  • Affected products added · maven/org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.api, maven/org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.rest.api.pu
    Oct 18, 2026 · GitHub Security Advisories
  • Affected products added · wso2/wso2 api manager, wso2/wso2 api control plane, wso2/wso2 universal gateway, wso2/wso2 traffic manager, wso2/wso2 ca
    Oct 18, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 18, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 18, 2026
  • Affected products added · wso2/api control plane, wso2/api manager, wso2/traffic manager, wso2/universal gateway
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVSS changed · 4.8
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Analyzed
    Oct 18, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 18, 2026 · Alertas do Telegram
  • 2025
  • CVE published
    Sep 23, 2025 · WSO2

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 2× References added · Oct 18, 2026 – Oct 18, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 18, 2026 – Oct 18, 2026

References

7 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

WSO2
every CVE for this vendor
Cross-site scripting
same class
CWE-79
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2024-2323 Password Brute Force via Password History Validation in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows User Account Discovery 22h
  • CVE-2025-7203 Sensitive Information Disclosure via Management Console and Product Files in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Retrieval of Credentials 1d
  • CVE-2025-7043 Refresh Token Misuse via Validation Flaw in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Unauthorized Resource Consumption 1d
  • CVE-2025-13173 Improper Token Revocation via Session-Bound Token Flow in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Unauthorized Access After Session Termination 1d
  • CVE-2025-6623 Stored Cross-Site Scripting via XML Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows UI Manipulation and Redirection 1d
  • CVE-2024-4412 Expression Language Injection via User Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Arbitrary Operations 1d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-4760 is "Authenticated Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Multiple WSO2 Products via API Document Upload in Publisher", rated Medium. It affects Api Control Plane (WSO2); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 4.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.19% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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