CVE Intelligence
CISA KEV Medium Cryptography exploit reference

CVE-2025-47827 — IGEL OS Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date Vulnerability

In IGEL OS before 11, Secure Boot can be bypassed because the igel-flash-driver module improperly verifies a cryptographic signature. Ultimately, a crafted root filesystem can be mounted from an unverified SquashFS image.

Published Jun 5, 2025 · Updated Oct 13, 2026 · Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: mitre

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

How the score was calculated
  • Confirmed exploitation (CISA KEV)+35
  • Public exploit/PoC (github)+6
  • EPSS 4.9% (30-day exploitation probability)+14
  • Technical severity (medium)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Confirmed
CISA KEV, listed Oct 14, 2025
EPSS FIRST
4.93%
ahead of 92% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026
Affects
Igel
Igel Os and 15 more
CVSS base
4.6
Medium · 3 source(s)
Prioritization reference: 8.4 provisional

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
Active
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
No
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Partial
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

CISA required action CISA

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

US federal deadline: Nov 4, 2025 — passed 345 day(s) ago

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Igel Igel Os, Microsoft Windows 10 1507, Microsoft Windows 10 1607…).
  2. Treat as emergency remediation: the CVE is in CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).
  3. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
  4. EPSS ahead of 92% of scored CVEs: prioritize it in the patch queue.
  5. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (cryptography), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
Igel Igel Os < 11.01.100 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 10 1507 < 10.0.10240.21161 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 10 1607 < 10.0.14393.8519 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 10 1809 < 10.0.17763.7919 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 10 21h2 < 10.0.19044.6456 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 10 22h2 < 10.0.19045.6456 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 11 22h2 < 10.0.22621.6060 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 11 23h2 < 10.0.22631.6060 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 11 24h2 < 10.0.26100.6899 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows 11 25h2 < 10.0.26200.6899 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 versions not specified by the sourceversion r2 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 < 10.0.14393.8519 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 < 10.0.17763.7919 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 < 10.0.20348.4294 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 23h2 < 10.0.25398.1913 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 < 10.0.26100.6899 Vulnerable NIST National Vulnerability Database

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Physical
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
8.4 CVSS 3.1 High — — GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories
4.6 CVSS 3.1 Medium 0.9 3.6 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 via NIST National Vulnerability Database
4.6 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — CISA-ADP via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (score shown at the top: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0)
Sources disagree significantly and the divergence is under review. Every score is kept with its origin. For prioritization we use 8.4 (GitHub, Inc. via GitHub Security Advisories) as a conservative provisional reference — not a definitive official score.

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-347 · Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Other CVEs with this weakness →

CISA KEV details CISA

CISA lists a CVE once it has evidence of exploitation against real targets.

Listed
Oct 14, 2025
Federal deadline
Nov 4, 2025
passed 345 day(s) ago
Ransomware use
Unknown

CISA records ransomware use only for campaigns it has confirmed, so “Unknown” means unrecorded, not ruled out. The deadline binds US federal agencies; for everyone else it is a reference date.

Public exploits, PoCs and detection templates

Public code that demonstrates or tests the flaw raises the odds of mass exploitation — and Nuclei templates help find vulnerable assets in your environment.

Proofs of concept on GitHub

Warning: public PoCs are sometimes disguised malware. Use them only for authorized testing in an isolated environment. This portal does not host exploit code — it only points to the sources.

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 12, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 3 reading(s) · max 4.93%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Local/physical vector: focus on endpoint telemetry (EDR) from affected hosts.
  • Check TLS negotiations and unexpected certificates in the component’s traffic.
  • Hunt retroactively in logs from before Oct 14, 2025 (KEV listing): exploitation may have started earlier.
endpoint telemetry (EDR)network IDS/IPS

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 13, 2026
  • Affected products added · igel/igel os, microsoft/windows 10 1507, microsoft/windows 10 1607, microsoft/windows 10 1809, microsoft/windows 10 21h2
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVSS changed · 4.6
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Analyzed
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Added to CISA KEV (detected)
    Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 13, 2026 · CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
  • 2025
  • Added to CISA KEV catalog
    Oct 13, 2025 · CISA
  • CVE published
    Jun 5, 2025 · mitre

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 2× References added · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

6 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

Igel
every CVE for this vendor
2025-10
what else CISA listed that month
Cryptography
same class
CWE-347
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • Medium CVE-2026-97844 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d
  • Medium CVE-2026-97840 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d
  • Medium CVE-2026-97839 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d
  • Medium CVE-2026-97841 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d
  • Medium CVE-2026-97843 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d
  • Medium CVE-2026-97842 Role: DNS Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability 2d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2025-47827 is "IGEL OS Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date Vulnerability", rated Medium. It affects Igel Os (Igel); versions are in the scope table. It is in CISA KEV: there is evidence of real-world exploitation. CVSS 4.6 describes technical severity. EPSS 4.93% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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