CVE Intelligence
Medium File handling

CVE-2026-12215 — OTP Login & Register Woocommerce <= 2.7.2 - Unauthenticated Authentication Bypass via Brute Force

The OTP Login & Register Woocommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via OTP Brute Force in all versions up to, and including, 2.7.2. The vulnerability exists because the OTP rate-limit attempt counter in `process_otp_form` is keyed exclusively on the attacker-controlled `xoo_ml_user_ip_data` cookie's `ip_address` field, allowing unlimited counter resets by simply rotating the cookie, while the OTP itself is generated with PHP's non-cryptographic `rand()` function over a default space of only 9,000 possible values (1000–9999), and both the OTP issuance endpoint (`xoo_ml_login_with_otp`) and verification endpoint (`xoo_ml_otp_form_submit`) are registered as unauthenticated `wp_ajax_nopriv` actions with no nonce or capability checks. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to brute-force the OTP for any registered account and obtain a full WordPress authentication session — including for administrator accounts — via `wp_set_auth_cookie()` in `login_user_with_otp()`. Exploitation requires the attacker to know the target user's registered phone number, which is used to trigger OTP issuance via the unauthenticated `xoo_ml_login_with_otp` endpoint.

Published Sep 11, 2026 · Updated Oct 15, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: Wordfence

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 0.3% (30-day exploitation probability)+4
  • Technical severity (medium)+3
  • Automatable exploitation (SSVC)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
0.32%
ahead of 23% of scored CVEs · Oct 15, 2026
Affects
Xootix
OTP Login & Register Woocommerce
CVSS base
5.3
Medium · 2 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
Yes
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Partial
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Xootix OTP Login & Register Woocommerce).
  2. The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
  3. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
  4. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (file handling), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
Xootix OTP Login & Register Woocommerce ≤ 2.7.2 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
5.3 CVSS 3.1 Medium 3.9 1.4 security@wordfence.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database
5.3 CVSS 3.1 Medium — — Wordfence via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N (score shown at the top: security@wordfence.com)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
  • Monitor file creation in web directories and paths with traversal sequences (../).
web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSfile integrity (FIM)endpoint telemetry (EDR)

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Affected products added · xootix/otp login & register woocommerce
    Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 15, 2026
  • CVSS changed · 5.3
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Deferred
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVE published
    Sep 11, 2026 · Wordfence

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026

References

7 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

Xootix
every CVE for this vendor
File handling
same class
CWE-434
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2026-12402 OTP Login & Register Woocommerce <= 2.7.3 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'fb-config' Setting 27d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-12215 is "OTP Login & Register Woocommerce <= 2.7.2 - Unauthenticated Authentication Bypass via Brute Force", rated Medium. It affects OTP Login & Register Woocommerce (Xootix); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 5.3 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.32% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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