High Injection

CVE-2026-28417 — Vim has OS Command Injection in netrw

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0073, an OS command injection vulnerability exists in the `netrw` standard plugin bundled with Vim. By inducing a user to open a crafted URL (e.g., using the `scp://` protocol handler), an attacker can execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the Vim process. Version 9.2.0073 fixes the issue.

Published Feb 27, 2026 · Updated Oct 13, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: GitHub_M

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

EPSS 1.4% (30-day exploitation probability)+11
Technical severity (high)+6

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

1.43%

ahead of 72% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026

Affects

Vim

CVSS base

7.8

High · 3 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation

None

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

can an attacker script the kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Total

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — www.openwall.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Vim Vim).
Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
Exploitation requires user interaction: tighten email/web filtering and warn affected users.
Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (injection), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Vim	Vim	< 9.2.0073	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database
Vim	Vim	version < 9.2.0073	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Local

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

None

User interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
7.8	CVSS 3.1	High	1.8	5.9	nvd@nist.gov via NIST National Vulnerability Database
4.4	CVSS 3.1	Medium	1.8	2.5	security-advisories@github.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database
4.4	CVSS 3.1	Medium	—	—	GitHub_M via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (score shown at the top: nvd@nist.gov)

Scoring entities (NIST, CNA, ADP) score independently; each score is shown with its origin. For prioritization we use 7.8 (NVD (NIST)) as a conservative provisional reference — not a definitive official score.

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-78 · OS Command Injection

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 13, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 2 reading(s) · max 1.43%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Local/physical vector: focus on endpoint telemetry (EDR) from affected hosts.
Look for parameters with command/query metacharacters and unexpected child processes of the service.

endpoint telemetry (EDR)application logs

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · vim/vim
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
SSVC assessment updated
Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 13, 2026
Fix documented
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVSS changed · 7.8
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · → Analyzed
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record created in this database
Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVE published
Feb 27, 2026 · GitHub_M

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

4 on the record

www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/02/27/6
Mailing List, Patch, Third Party Advisory, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/vim/vim/commit/79348dbbc09332130f4c860
Patch, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-m3xh-9434-g336
Patch, Vendor Advisory, x_refsource_CONFIRM, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0073
Release Notes, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database

Elsewhere on this site

Vim
every CVE for this vendor

Injection
same class

CWE-78
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

High CVE-2026-73073 Vim: Arbitrary Ex Command Execution in C Omni-Completion Aug 18, 2026
High CVE-2026-73078 Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Netrw Menu Construction Aug 11, 2026
High CVE-2026-73077 Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Shell Keyword Lookup Aug 11, 2026
High CVE-2026-73072 Vim: Heap Buffer Overflow when Loading a Spell File Aug 11, 2026
Low CVE-2026-73071 Vim: Use-after-free in JSON Decoding Aug 11, 2026
High CVE-2026-73076 Vim: Arbitrary Command Execution via Malicious `.VimballRecord` Entry Replay in `vimball.vim` Aug 11, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-28417 is "Vim has OS Command Injection in netrw", rated High. It affects Vim (Vim); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.8 describes technical severity. EPSS 1.43% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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