CVE-2026-45562 — FreePBX: Authenticated Remote Code Execution in FreePBX Music on Hold (MoH) Module
FreePBX is an open source IP PBX. Prior to versions 16.0.4 and 17.0.6, the FreePBX Music on Hold (MoH) module contains a critical security flaw that allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the Asterisk service. Authentication with an existing FreePBX administrator account is required. The root cause lies in the fact that the module accepts a POST parameter that defines a custom Asterisk application, which is then stored in the database without any sanitization. Later, this data is written directly to the musiconhold_additional.conf configuration file without validation. Since Asterisk reads this configuration file and executes the specified application, an attacker can inject arbitrary commands that will be executed with Asterisk's permissions. This issue has been patched in versions 16.0.4 and 17.0.6.
Who exploits it and how urgent it is
A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.
How the score was calculated
- EPSS 0.3% (30-day exploitation probability)+3
- Technical severity (high)+6
The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).
Triage
Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.
CISA SSVC assessment CISA
Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.
Remediation
Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.
No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.
First 24 hours
Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.
- Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (FreePBX Security-reporting).
- No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
- Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (injection), errors and authentication anomalies.
Affected scope
Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FreePBX | Security-reporting | version < 16.0.4version < 17.0.6 | Vulnerable | CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP |
Attack characteristics
The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.
Every base score collected
Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.
| Score | Version | Severity | Expl. | Impact | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.7 | CVSS 4.0 | High | — | — | security-advisories@github.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database |
| 7.7 | CVSS 4.0 | High | — | — | GitHub_M via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP |
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X (score shown at the top: security-advisories@github.com) Weakness MITRE
Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.
Detection
Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.
- Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
- Look for parameters with command/query metacharacters and unexpected child processes of the service.
Timeline
What happened to this CVE, newest first.
- 2026
- Affected products added · freepbx/security-reporting
- SSVC assessment updated
- Record published
- CVSS changed · 7.7
- Source status changed · → Undergoing Analysis
- Record created in this database
- CVE published
Source activity
Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.
- 1× Official description updated · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026
References
1 on the record
Elsewhere on this site
Related CVEs (same products)
- High CVE-2026-75600 FreePBX: Authenticated API generatedocs Host Command Injection 17d
- High CVE-2026-54710 FreePBX: Authenticated Superfecta Arbitrary PHP Code Execution (RCE via Unsafe File Inclusion) 17d
- High CVE-2026-54708 Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Path Traversal in FreePBX Backup Module 17d
- High CVE-2026-54674 Authenticated Command Injection in FreePBX UCP Interface 17d
- High CVE-2026-54675 FreePBX: Authenticated Remote Code Execution via File Upload and Convert in Soundlang Module 17d
- Critical CVE-2026-46376 FreePBX: Unauthenticated Use of Hard-Coded Credentials Vulnerability in FreePBX UCP Interface May 29, 2026
Not in any source we poll
Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.
- No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
- No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
- No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
- No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.
Answered from this record
Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.
What should defenders know first?
CVE-2026-45562 is "FreePBX: Authenticated Remote Code Execution in FreePBX Music on Hold (MoH) Module", rated High. It affects Security-reporting (FreePBX); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.7 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.30% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.
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