High Denial of service

CVE-2026-52746 — JSONata: Malicious inputs to "$toMillis" function can cause resource exhaustion

JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 2.2.0 and 1.8.9, malicious non-matching inputs to the $toMillis function can cause superlinear backtracking in the ISO-8601 validation regex, leading to denial of service in applications that evaluate user-provided JSONata expressions. This issue is fixed in version 2.2.0 and 1.8.9.

Published Jul 17, 2026 · Updated Oct 15, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: GitHub_M

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

Technical severity (high)+6
Automatable exploitation (SSVC)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

—

No EPSS score.

Affects

Jsonata

CVSS base

7.5

High · 2 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation

None

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

Yes

can an attacker script the kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Partial

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)
Documented patch — github.com (NIST National Vulnerability Database)

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Jsonata Jsonata, Jsonata-js Jsonata).
The attack is network-based and needs no privileges: restrict exposure (ACLs, VPN, WAF) until patched.
Apply the fixed version or the patch documented under Remediation.
Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (denial of service), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Jsonata	Jsonata	< 2.2.0	Vulnerable	NIST National Vulnerability Database
Jsonata-js	Jsonata	version >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.0version < 1.8.9	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector

Network

Attack complexity

Low

Privileges required

None

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

Score	Version	Severity	Expl.	Impact	Scored by
7.5	CVSS 3.1	High	3.9	3.6	security-advisories@github.com via NIST National Vulnerability Database
7.5	CVSS 3.1	High	—	—	GitHub_M via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (score shown at the top: security-advisories@github.com)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-1333 · Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity (ReDoS)

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Prioritize edge telemetry for the network-reachable component (proxy, WAF, IDS/IPS).
Track CPU/memory spikes and availability drops correlated with request patterns.

web/proxy/WAF logsnetwork IDS/IPSresource metrics

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · jsonata-js/jsonata
Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
SSVC assessment updated
Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 15, 2026
Fix documented
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVSS changed · 7.5
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Source status changed · → Modified
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record created in this database
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVE published
Jul 17, 2026 · GitHub_M

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

1× Official description updated · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026

References

7 on the record

github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/80ba95d170f74e3f20f4f36b8b77d8c85cea7686
Patch, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/793
Issue Tracking, Patch, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/782
Issue Tracking, Patch, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/security/advisories/GHSA-86vw-mfpg-wwv9
Patch, Vendor Advisory, x_refsource_CONFIRM, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/d6ffc17cb16a8e53c222205bd274624e919cce0b
Patch, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.0
Product, Release Notes, x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.9
x_refsource_MISC, NIST National Vulnerability Database

Elsewhere on this site

Jsonata
every CVE for this vendor

Denial of service
same class

CWE-1333
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

Critical CVE-2026-77413 JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions Aug 21, 2026
Critical CVE-2026-77415 JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions Aug 21, 2026
Critical CVE-2026-77414 JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions Aug 21, 2026
Medium CVE-2026-12208 jsonata-js jsonata Function Binding Frame System jsonata.js createFrame prototype pollution Jun 15, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No FIRST EPSS score.
No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-52746 is "JSONata: Malicious inputs to "$toMillis" function can cause resource exhaustion", rated High. It affects Jsonata (Jsonata); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 7.5 describes technical severity. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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