CVE Intelligence
Medium Denial of service

CVE-2026-65628 — Infinite recursion (CPU denial-of-service) in JOSE.JWK.shared_secret/2 on mismatched key types

jose_jwk:shared_secret/2 (exposed in Elixir as JOSE.JWK.shared_secret/2) derives an ECDH shared secret from two JWKs. Its first function clause only matches when both JWKs carry the same key type (kty) module, and its fallback clause re-invokes itself as shared_secret(from(YourJWK), from(MyJWK)). Because from/1 returns an already-parsed jose_jwk record unchanged, passing two JWKs whose key types differ (for example an EC key and an RSA key) makes the fallback clause re-enter with identical arguments, producing an unbounded tail-recursive loop that never returns and never crashes. An application that derives a shared secret from an externally supplied peer public key without first checking that the peer key's type and curve match its own key can be driven into this loop by an attacker-controlled JWK, pinning an Erlang scheduler at 100% CPU. Repeated requests exhaust the available schedulers, resulting in a denial of service. This issue affects jose: from 1.5.0 before 1.11.13.

Published Oct 26, 2026 · Updated Oct 27, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: EEF

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 0.1% (30-day exploitation probability)+0
  • Technical severity (medium)+3

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
0.14%
ahead of 3% of scored CVEs · Oct 27, 2026
Affects
Potatosalad
Jose
CVSS base
5.9
Medium · 2 source(s)

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Potatosalad Jose).
  2. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
  3. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (denial of service), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
Potatosalad Jose ≥ 1.5.0 and < 1.11.13≥ 7b80b9f55b9898e1a6901ce136061b241b021d7c and < 26182a7de63b91550035d3f08741f7d17f1f675a Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
Present
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
X
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
None
Integrity (vulnerable system)
None
Availability (vulnerable system)
High
Confidentiality (subsequent)
None
Integrity (subsequent)
None
Availability (subsequent)
None

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
5.9 CVSS 4.0 Medium — — 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db via NIST National Vulnerability Database
5.9 CVSS 4.0 Medium — — EEF via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X (score shown at the top: 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-674 · Uncontrolled Recursion

Other CVEs with this weakness →

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Local/physical vector: focus on endpoint telemetry (EDR) from affected hosts.
  • Track CPU/memory spikes and availability drops correlated with request patterns.
endpoint telemetry (EDR)resource metrics

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Source status changed · Received → Deferred
    Oct 27, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Affected products added · potatosalad/jose
    Oct 26, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 26, 2026
  • CVSS changed · 5.9
    Oct 26, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Received
    Oct 26, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 26, 2026 · Alertas do Telegram
  • CVE published
    Oct 26, 2026 · EEF

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 1× References added · Oct 26, 2026 – Oct 26, 2026
  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 26, 2026 – Oct 26, 2026

References

5 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

Potatosalad
every CVE for this vendor
Denial of service
same class
CWE-674
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2026-65632 ECDSA signature length is not validated in jose, allowing signature malleability 19h
  • CVE-2026-65626 Bleichenbacher padding oracle in RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 decryption in jose 19h
  • CVE-2026-65627 Decompression bomb via unbounded zlib:inflate in jose_jwe_zip:uncompress/2 19h
  • CVE-2026-65629 Weak PBKDF2 parameters for password-encrypted private-key export in jose 19h
  • CVE-2026-65631 erlang-jose RSA JWK parsing attempts to factor an attacker-controlled modulus, enabling CPU-exhaustion denial of service 19h
  • CVE-2026-65630 Timing side-channel in pure-Erlang X25519 scalar multiplication leaks the private key in jose 19h

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
  • No CISA SSVC assessment.
  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-65628 is "Infinite recursion (CPU denial-of-service) in JOSE.JWK.shared_secret/2 on mismatched key types", rated Medium. It affects Jose (Potatosalad); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 5.9 describes technical severity. EPSS 0.14% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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