Unknown

CVE-2026-72028 — riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline Reading a word from the stack in a kretprobe crashes a risc-v kernel. $ cd /sys/kernel/tracing/ $ echo 'r n_tty_write $stack0' > dynamic_events $ echo 1 > events/kprobes/enable Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000000200000128 ... [<ffffffff80016d16>] regs_get_kernel_stack_nth+0x26/0x38 [<ffffffff80177196>] process_fetch_insn+0x3ee/0x760 [<ffffffff80177836>] kretprobe_trace_func+0x116/0x1f0 [<ffffffff8017795a>] kretprobe_dispatcher+0x4a/0x58 [<ffffffff8013572e>] kretprobe_rethook_handler+0x5e/0x90 [<ffffffff80180838>] rethook_trampoline_handler+0x70/0x108 [<ffffffff8001ba32>] arch_rethook_trampoline_callback+0x12/0x1c [<ffffffff8001ba84>] arch_rethook_trampoline+0x48/0x94 [<ffffffff8067872a>] tty_write+0x1a/0x30 In regs_get_kernel_stack_nth, regs->sp contains an arbitrary value. arch_rethook_trampoline saves the registers from the probed function in a struct pt_regs. sp is not saved. Instead, sp is decremented for arch_rethook_trampoline's local stack. Fix this crash and save the original sp along with the other registers. Use a0 as a temporary register, it is overwritten anyway. [pjw@kernel.org: added Fixes tag; cc'ed stable]

Published Aug 15, 2026 · Updated Oct 30, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP, GitHub Security Advisories · CNA: Linux

Low

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.

How the score was calculated

EPSS 0.2% (30-day exploitation probability)+2

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation

Not confirmed

Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.

EPSS FIRST

0.21%

ahead of 11% of scored CVEs · Oct 30, 2026

Affects

Linux

CVSS base

—

Score not published yet.

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (Linux Linux).
No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
Search available logs for exploit probes, errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

Vendor	Product	Versions	Status	Source
Linux	Linux	≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < 5da5cf48a432e30ded8d58087854e5383a36eff1≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < c386e1c591d72eab58ee2e69105c8cbc70928857≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < 2faf0198168d2017cb528a79f76c560fda3b6e94≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < 91b4d76dd07f1a1f20f73dfebb42ba04ac911a56≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < bc7b086a45521a986a49045907f017e3e46c763eversion 5.12≥ c22b0bcb1dd024cb9caad9230e3a387d8b061df5 and < d21109fe4a55247094f913773a334772907cd016	Vulnerable	CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 15, 2026 → Oct 30, 2026 · 15 reading(s) · max 0.21%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

Not enough vector or weakness data: use the affected application’s logs as a starting point.

application logs

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

2026
Affected products added · linux/linux
Oct 30, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Record published
Oct 15, 2026
Affected products added · linux/linux
Oct 15, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
Source status changed · → Received
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
Record created in this database
Oct 15, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
CVE published
Aug 15, 2026 · Linux

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

2× References added · Oct 30, 2026 – Oct 30, 2026
1× Official description updated · Oct 15, 2026 – Oct 15, 2026

References

8 on the record

git.kernel.org/stable/c/c386e1c591d72eab58ee2e69105c8cbc70928857
NIST National Vulnerability Database
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72028
GitHub Security Advisories
git.kernel.org/stable/c/bc7b086a45521a986a49045907f017e3e46c763e
NIST National Vulnerability Database
git.kernel.org/stable/c/2faf0198168d2017cb528a79f76c560fda3b6e94
NIST National Vulnerability Database
git.kernel.org/stable/c/5da5cf48a432e30ded8d58087854e5383a36eff1
NIST National Vulnerability Database
git.kernel.org/stable/c/91b4d76dd07f1a1f20f73dfebb42ba04ac911a56
NIST National Vulnerability Database
github.com/advisories/GHSA-rj58-8r73-76rg
GitHub Security Advisories
git.kernel.org/stable/c/d21109fe4a55247094f913773a334772907cd016
CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Elsewhere on this site

Linux
every CVE for this vendor

Related CVEs (same products)

Unknown CVE-2026-99216 Drivers: hv: Don't reset VMBus connection state on error/exit paths 2d
Unknown CVE-2026-99215 power: supply: core: prevent unregistering a power supply while a callback runs 2d
Unknown CVE-2026-99207 scsi: target: Disable interrupts while holding delayed_cmd_lock 2d
Unknown CVE-2026-99208 drm/xe/oa: Zero OA buffer at allocation 2d
Unknown CVE-2026-99209 drm/xe: skip eviction of a BO with no resource 2d
Unknown CVE-2026-99210 accel/rocket: clear rdev on device init failure 2d

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

No CVSS score published by NVD, the CNA, CISA or GitHub so far.
No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
No CISA SSVC assessment.
No CWE classification.
No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-72028 is "riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline", rated Unknown. It affects Linux (Linux); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. EPSS 0.21% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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