CVE Intelligence
High Injection

CVE-2026-9151 — Command Injection Vulnerability in OpenVPN on Multiple TP-Link Archer Routers

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the VPN module of TP-Link Archer AX12 v1, AX17 v1. AX18 v1, and AX1300 v1.6 routers. This vulnerability allows an adjacent, authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the device by importing a specially crafted VPN client configuration file. The issue stems from improper filtering of special characters.  Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable an attacker to gain full control of the affected device, potentially compromising configuration integrity, network security, and service availability.

Published Jun 10, 2026 · Updated Oct 13, 2026 · Sources: NIST National Vulnerability Database, CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP · CNA: TPLink

Who exploits it and how urgent it is

A 0–100 score combining confirmed exploitation, ransomware and APT use, public exploits, EPSS and severity.

No exploitation signal in the sources consulted so far.
How the score was calculated
  • EPSS 2.5% (30-day exploitation probability)+13
  • Technical severity (high)+6

The score orders the patch queue; it does not replace your asset context (internet exposure, criticality, compensating controls).

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the sources call it.

Exploitation
Not confirmed
Not in CISA KEV — an absence of record, not proof it is unexploited.
EPSS FIRST
2.54%
ahead of 85% of scored CVEs · Oct 14, 2026
Affects
TP-Link Systems Inc.
Archer AX12 v1 and 3 more
CVSS base
8.5
High · 2 source(s)

CISA SSVC assessment CISA

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses (SSVC 2.0.3). A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

Exploitation
None
none · proof-of-concept · active
Automatable
No
can an attacker script the kill-chain steps
Technical impact
Total
partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Remediation

Fixes and mitigations documented by the sources — linked to the original advisory.

No fix documented by the sources we poll. That does not mean none exists: check the vendor advisory.

First 24 hours

Ordered from the record’s own fields — exposure first, because you cannot patch what you have not found. A rule-generated starting point.

  1. Identify exposed assets running the affected vendor/product/version combinations (TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX12 v1, TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX1300 v1.6, TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX17 v1…).
  2. No fix documented in the sources: reduce exposure and monitor the vendor advisory.
  3. Search available logs for exploit probes matching the vulnerability class (injection), errors and authentication anomalies.

Affected scope

Vendor, product and versions as the sources word them.

VendorProductVersionsStatusSource
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX12 v1 < V1_1.5.0 Build 20260605 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX1300 v1.6 < V1_1.5.0 Build 20260605 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX17 v1 < V1_1.5.0 Build 20260605 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer AX18 v1 < V1_1.5.0 Build 20260605 Vulnerable CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP

Attack characteristics

The CVSS vector, decoded. It describes the attack, not your exposure to it.

Attack vector
Adjacent
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
X
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
High
Integrity (vulnerable system)
High
Availability (vulnerable system)
High
Confidentiality (subsequent)
Low
Integrity (subsequent)
Low
Availability (subsequent)
Low

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and may disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactScored by
8.5 CVSS 4.0 High — — f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630 via NIST National Vulnerability Database
8.5 CVSS 4.0 High — — TPLink via CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X (score shown at the top: f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630)

Weakness MITRE

Weakness class according to MITRE’s CWE catalog.

CWE-78 · OS Command Injection

Other CVEs with this weakness →

EPSS over time FIRST

Oct 13, 2026 → Oct 14, 2026 · 2 reading(s) · max 2.54%

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not tested rules.

  • Look for parameters with command/query metacharacters and unexpected child processes of the service.
application logsendpoint telemetry (EDR)

Timeline

What happened to this CVE, newest first.

  • 2026
  • Affected products added · tp-link systems inc./archer ax12 v1, tp-link systems inc./archer ax18 v1, tp link systems inc./archer ax17 v1, tp-link s
    Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • SSVC assessment updated
    Oct 13, 2026 · CVE Program (cve.org) e CISA ADP
  • Record published
    Oct 13, 2026
  • CVSS changed · 8.5
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Source status changed · → Deferred
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • Record created in this database
    Oct 13, 2026 · NIST National Vulnerability Database
  • CVE published
    Jun 10, 2026 · TPLink

Source activity

Repeated readings are counted rather than listed.

  • 1× Official description updated · Oct 13, 2026 – Oct 13, 2026

References

5 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

TP-Link Systems Inc.
every CVE for this vendor
Injection
same class
CWE-78
other pages naming this weakness

Related CVEs (same products)

  • CVE-2025-62673 Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Archer AX53 and AX12 Feb 3, 2026

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No fixed version, patch or mitigation documented.
  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.

Answered from this record

Text assembled only from the fields above — no additional claims.

What should defenders know first?

CVE-2026-9151 is "Command Injection Vulnerability in OpenVPN on Multiple TP-Link Archer Routers", rated High. It affects Archer AX12 v1 (TP-Link Systems Inc.); versions are in the scope table. It is not in CISA KEV, which does not rule out exploitation. CVSS 8.5 describes technical severity. EPSS 2.54% estimates the probability of exploitation in 30 days; neither replaces your asset context. First verify whether exposed or business-critical assets run the affected versions, apply vendor fixes or mitigations, and preserve logs for review.

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