Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 vulnerabilities

A flaw was found in QEMU. The VAPIC setup hypercall in hw/i386/vapic.c does not validate that the writable RAM alias remains within the option ROM window. A privileged guest user on a Q35/KVM machine can position this alias over locked SMRAM, bypassing chipset D_LCK protection and injecting code into System Management Mode memory.

A flaw was found in the file-psd plugin in GIMP. When generating a thumbnail preview for a specially crafted PSD (Photoshop Document) image file, an integer overflow occurs during the multiplication of values from an embedded JPEG header. This leads to an undersized heap allocation, resulting in a heap-based buffer overflow when the image data is decoded. This buffer overflow corrupts adjacent heap objects, allowing for a controlled memory write that can result in an application crash or arbitrary code execution.

A flaw was found in tftp-hpa. When the `in.tftpd` remap engine processes an inverse remap rule that also aborts with a non-empty custom error message, it can pass invalid match offsets to the `genmatchstring()` function. This leads to out-of-bounds read/write operations. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request, causing the daemon to crash and resulting in a denial of service.

A flaw was found in environment-modules. A local attacker can exploit this vulnerability by placing a maliciously named modulefile in a location visible to the victim's `MODULEPATH`. When the victim uses Bash completion for `module` or `ml` commands, the malicious module name, containing shell metacharacters, is evaluated as a command. This can lead to arbitrary command execution in the completing user's shell, impacting their confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A flaw was found in GIMP. When processing a specially crafted lighting preset file, the Lighting Effects filter does not properly validate the number of light sources. This can lead to an out-of-bounds write, corrupting memory. An attacker could exploit this by convincing a user to open a malicious preset file, potentially causing a crash or enabling arbitrary code execution.

A flaw was found in GIMP's ICO file loader. When processing an ICO file containing an embedded PNG image, an integer overflow can occur during the calculation of the required buffer size. This leads to an undersized buffer being allocated, causing a heap-based buffer overflow when the decoded pixel data is written. A remote attacker could exploit this by crafting a malicious ICO file, which, when opened, could lead to arbitrary code execution or a crash.

A flaw was found in the admin backend of gvfs. The privileged gvfsd-admin daemon changes the ownership of newly created private D-Bus sockets by calling the link-following chown() function on a pathname inside a user-controlled directory. A local attacker can exploit this via a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition and exchange the socket pathname with a symbolic link pointing to an arbitrary root-owned file (such as /etc/pam.d/su). The daemon subsequently follows the symlink and changes the ownership of the targeted root-owned file to the attacker's user ID. This allows an authenticated local attacker to modify critical system files, leading to a full local privilege escalation to root.

A flaw was found in FreeIPA. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit a DOM Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the FreeIPA/IdM Web UI password reset page. By enticing a victim to click a specially crafted link and complete a password reset, the attacker could inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript code. This allows the attacker to perform actions within the victim's authenticated session, potentially leading to full administrative control if an IdM administrator is targeted.

A flaw was found in libxml2 with Python bindings enabled. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing a specially crafted XML document containing a Document Type Definition (DTD) with enumerated attribute values. This triggers a double-free error in the SAX attributeDecl callback handler, where a string is freed twice. This flaw can lead to a denial of service (DoS) due to a reproducible crash in Python applications using the libxml2 SAX bindings.

A flaw was found in Dogtag PKI, as used by FreeIPA's certificate authority component. The certificate profile import functionality does not fully validate uploaded profile content beyond the profile ID. An authenticated user with CA Administrator privileges can exploit Dogtag's ExternalProcessConstraint mechanism to execute arbitrary commands with attacker-controlled environment variables, achieving code execution as the pkiuser account.