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Ransomware Intelligence

CISA flags a vulnerability as "used by ransomware" only when a campaign is confirmed. These are flaws extortion groups have already exploited: fixing them first removes the most concrete risk.

361
CVEs used by ransomware · 21% of the KEV catalog
3
added in the last 90 days
173
critical
121
victims posted (30 days)
408
groups tracked

Vendors most exploited by ransomware

Most common weaknesses (CWE)

By year added to KEV

Most active groups (30 days)

Victims posted on leak sites, according to ransomware.live. Victim names are not displayed.

GroupVictimsLast activity
N0n 41 13h
Wallstreet 13 1d
qilin 9 1d
interlock 6 3d
play 5 2d
akira 3 1d
AuditTeam 3 2d
Dark Project 3 3d
lockbit5 3 1d
Emperador 3 8h
everest 3 2d
iah6477 3 6h
All groups →

Most affected countries (30 days)

  • United States25
  • Sweden10
  • Brazil8
  • South Korea8
  • United Kingdom5
  • Singapore4
  • India4
  • Spain3
  • Germany3
  • Japan3

Most affected sectors (30 days)

  • Transportation28
  • Professional Services19
  • Healthcare13
  • Manufacturing11
  • Other10
  • Retail & E-Commerce8
  • Technology7
  • Financial Services3
  • Energy & Utilities3
  • Hospitality2

Groups and the CVEs they exploit

clop 5akira 3alphv 3conti 3hive 3play 3medusa 2vicesociety 2atomsilo 1blackbyte 1blackshadow 1BrainCipher 1esxiargs 1frag 1handala 1icefire 1incransom 1karma 1lockbit 1maze 1nightsky 1nightspire 1nokoyawa 1revil 1reynolds 1underground 1

CVEs used in ransomware campaigns

Severity
Clear

14 result(s)

CVE-2019-6693 Medium · 6.5 KEV High · 62 Ransomware CWE-798 Nov 21, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS Use of Hard-Coded Credentials Vulnerability
Use of a hard-coded cryptographic key to cipher sensitive data in FortiOS configuration backup file may allow an attacker with access to the backup file to decipher the sensitive data, via knowledge of the hard-coded key. The aforementioned sensitive data includes users' passwords (except the administrator's password), private keys' passphrases and High Availability password (when set).
CVE-2025-24472 High · 8.1 KEV Urgent · 71 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-288 Feb 11, 2025
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.12, 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker with prior knowledge of upstream and downstream devices serial numbers to gain super-admin privileges on the downstream device, if the Security Fabric is enabled, via crafted CSF proxy requests.
CVE-2024-55591 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 83 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-288 Jan 14, 2025
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS version 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy version 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.12 allows a remote attacker to gain super-admin privileges via crafted requests to Node.js websocket module.
CVE-2023-48788 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-89 Mar 12, 2024
Fortinet FortiClient EMS SQL Injection Vulnerability
A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.
CVE-2024-21762 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 79 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-787 Feb 9, 2024
Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write Vulnerability
A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.0.0 through 1.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted requests
CVE-2023-27997 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 79 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-787 Jun 13, 2023
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below, version 6.4.12 and below, version 6.0.16 and below and FortiProxy version 7.2.3 and below, version 7.0.9 and below, version 2.0.12 and below, version 1.2 all versions, version 1.1 all versions SSL-VPN may allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.
CVE-2022-42475 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 89 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-787 Jan 2, 2023
Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.
CVE-2022-40684 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-287 Oct 18, 2022
Fortinet Multiple Products Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
An authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel [CWE-288] in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.1 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, FortiProxy version 7.2.0 and version 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and FortiSwitchManager version 7.2.0 and 7.0.0 allows an unauthenticated atttacker to perform operations on the administrative interface via specially crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.
CVE-2018-13374 Medium · 4.3 KEV Urgent · 71 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-732 Jan 22, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiADC Improper Access Control Vulnerability
A Improper Access Control in Fortinet FortiOS 6.0.2, 5.6.7 and before, FortiADC 6.1.0, 6.0.0 to 6.0.1, 5.4.0 to 5.4.4 allows attacker to obtain the LDAP server login credentials configured in FortiGate via pointing a LDAP server connectivity test request to a rogue LDAP server instead of the configured one.
CVE-2018-13383 Medium · 6.5 KEV High · 63 Ransomware CWE-787 May 29, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Out-of-bounds Write
A heap buffer overflow in Fortinet FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.4, 5.6.0 through 5.6.10, 5.4.0 through 5.4.12, 5.2.14 and earlier and FortiProxy 2.0.0, 1.2.8 and earlier in the SSL VPN web portal may cause the SSL VPN web service termination for logged in users due to a failure to properly handle javascript href data when proxying webpages.
CVE-2018-13382 High · 7.5 KEV Urgent · 77 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-863 Jun 4, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Improper Authorization
An Improper Authorization vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 6.0.0 to 6.0.4, 5.6.0 to 5.6.8 and 5.4.1 to 5.4.10 and FortiProxy 2.0.0, 1.2.0 to 1.2.8, 1.1.0 to 1.1.6, 1.0.0 to 1.0.7 under SSL VPN web portal allows an unauthenticated attacker to modify the password of an SSL VPN web portal user via specially crafted HTTP requests
CVE-2018-13379 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-22 Jun 4, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS SSL VPN Path Traversal Vulnerability
An Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ("Path Traversal") in Fortinet FortiOS 6.0.0 to 6.0.4, 5.6.3 to 5.6.7 and 5.4.6 to 5.4.12 and FortiProxy 2.0.0, 1.2.0 to 1.2.8, 1.1.0 to 1.1.6, 1.0.0 to 1.0.7 under SSL VPN web portal allows an unauthenticated attacker to download system files via special crafted HTTP resource requests.
CVE-2020-12812 Critical · 9.8 KEV Urgent · 83 Ransomware CWE-178 Jul 24, 2020
Fortinet FortiOS SSL VPN Improper Authentication Vulnerability
An improper authentication vulnerability in SSL VPN in FortiOS 6.4.0, 6.2.0 to 6.2.3, 6.0.9 and below may result in a user being able to log in successfully without being prompted for the second factor of authentication (FortiToken) if they changed the case of their username.
CVE-2019-5591 Medium · 6.5 KEV High · 67 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-306 Aug 14, 2020
Fortinet FortiOS Default Configuration Vulnerability
A Default Configuration vulnerability in FortiOS may allow an unauthenticated attacker on the same subnet to intercept sensitive information by impersonating the LDAP server.

Sources: CISA KEV (knownRansomwareCampaignUse field) and ransomware.live (groups, TTPs and victim counts). The absence of a KEV flag does not mean a flaw is not used by ransomware.