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Ransomware Intelligence
CISA flags a vulnerability as "used by ransomware" only when a campaign is confirmed. These are flaws extortion groups have already exploited: fixing them first removes the most concrete risk.
361
CVEs used by ransomware · 21% of the KEV catalog
3
added in the last 90 days
173
critical
238
victims posted (30 days)
410
groups tracked
Vendors most exploited by ransomware
Most common weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-22 · Path Traversal36
- CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write27
- CWE-502 · Deserialization of Untrusted Data25
- CWE-94 · Code Injection15
- CWE-287 · Improper Authentication14
- CWE-306 · Missing Authentication for Critical Function14
- CWE-78 · OS Command Injection14
- CWE-59 · Link Following13
- CWE-416 · Use After Free11
- CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)10
Most active groups (30 days)
Victims posted on leak sites, according to ransomware.live. Victim names are not displayed.
| Group | Victims | Last activity |
|---|---|---|
| N0n | 64 | 8h |
| thegentlemen | 35 | 11h |
| qilin | 22 | 7h |
| Wallstreet | 15 | 1d |
| lockbit5 | 9 | 16h |
| play | 9 | 1d |
| incransom | 7 | 2d |
| THE SEVEN DEADLY SINS | 7 | 1d |
| everest | 7 | 1d |
| iah6477 | 7 | 2d |
| akira | 6 | 2d |
| interlock | 6 | 5d |
Most affected countries (30 days)
- United States74
- Brazil15
- South Korea11
- Sweden10
- United Kingdom8
- Japan6
- Spain5
- Germany5
- India5
- Thailand5
Most affected sectors (30 days)
- Transportation32
- Professional Services27
- Healthcare27
- Manufacturing26
- Technology23
- Other15
- Retail & E-Commerce11
- Financial Services11
- Agriculture and Food Production8
- Education7
Groups and the CVEs they exploit
clop 5akira 3alphv 3conti 3hive 3play 3medusa 2vicesociety 2atomsilo 1blackbyte 1blackshadow 1BrainCipher 1esxiargs 1frag 1handala 1icefire 1incransom 1karma 1lockbit 1maze 1nightsky 1nightspire 1nokoyawa 1revil 1reynolds 1underground 1CVEs used in ransomware campaigns
361 result(s)
CVE-2019-0708
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-416 May 16, 2019
Microsoft Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Remote Desktop Services formerly known as Terminal Services when an unauthenticated attacker connects to the target system using RDP and sends specially crafted requests, aka 'Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability'.
CVE-2016-7255
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 90 Public exploit Ransomware Nov 10, 2016
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607, and Windows Server 2016 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
CVE-2017-0143
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 86 Public exploit Ransomware Mar 16, 2017
Microsoft Windows Server Message Block (SMBv1) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
The SMBv1 server in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2; Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1; Windows 7 SP1; Windows 8.1; Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2; Windows RT 8.1; and Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607; and Windows Server 2016 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted packets, aka "Windows SMB Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This vulnerability is different from those described in CVE-2017-0144, CVE-2017-0145, CVE-2017-0146, and CVE-2017-0148.
CVE-2020-0688
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 96 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-287 Feb 11, 2020
Microsoft Exchange Server Validation Key Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.
CVE-2021-34523
Critical · 9.0
KEV Urgent · 98 Public exploit Ransomware Jul 14, 2021
Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVE-2020-0878
Medium · 4.2
KEV High · 61 Ransomware CWE-787 Sep 11, 2020
Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability
<p>A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that Microsoft browsers access objects in memory. The vulnerability could corrupt memory in a way that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain the same user rights as the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, the attacker could take control of an affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.</p>
<p>An attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Microsoft browsers, and then convince a user to view the website. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites, or websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements, by adding specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability. In all cases, however, an attacker would have no way to force users to view the attacker-controlled content. Instead, an attacker would have to convince users to take action, typically via an enticement in email or instant message, or by getting them to open an email attachment.</p>
<p>The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how Microsoft browsers handle objects in memory.</p>
CVE-2016-0167
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 75 Ransomware Apr 12, 2016
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0143 and CVE-2016-0165.
CVE-2021-38647
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware Sep 15, 2021
Microsoft Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE-2014-1812
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 84 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-255 May 14, 2014
Microsoft Windows Group Policy Preferences Password Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The Group Policy implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 does not properly handle distribution of passwords, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive credential information and consequently gain privileges by leveraging access to the SYSVOL share, as exploited in the wild in May 2014, aka "Group Policy Preferences Password Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
CVE-2021-30116
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 77 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-522 Jul 9, 2021
Kaseya Virtual System/Server Administrator (VSA) Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Kaseya VSA before 9.5.7 allows credential disclosure, as exploited in the wild in July 2021. By default Kaseya VSA on premise offers a download page where the clients for the installation can be downloaded. The default URL for this page is https://x.x.x.x/dl.asp When an attacker download a client for Windows and installs it, the file KaseyaD.ini is generated (C:\Program Files (x86)\Kaseya\XXXXXXXXXX\KaseyaD.ini) which contains an Agent_Guid and AgentPassword This Agent_Guid and AgentPassword can be used to log in on dl.asp (https://x.x.x.x/dl.asp?un=840997037507813&pw=113cc622839a4077a84837485ced6b93e440bf66d44057713cb2f95e503a06d9) This request authenticates the client and returns a sessionId cookie that can be used in subsequent attacks to bypass authentication. Security issues discovered --- * Unauthenticated download page leaks credentials * Credentials of agent software can be used to obtain a sessionId (cookie) that can be used for services not intended for use by agents * dl.asp accepts credentials via a GET request * Access to KaseyaD.ini gives an attacker access to sufficient information to penetrate the Kaseya installation and its clients. Impact --- Via the page /dl.asp enough information can be obtained to give an attacker a sessionId that can be used to execute further (semi-authenticated) attacks against the system.
CVE-2018-13379
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-22 Jun 4, 2019
Fortinet FortiOS SSL VPN Path Traversal Vulnerability
An Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ("Path Traversal") in Fortinet FortiOS 6.0.0 to 6.0.4, 5.6.3 to 5.6.7 and 5.4.6 to 5.4.12 and FortiProxy 2.0.0, 1.2.0 to 1.2.8, 1.1.0 to 1.1.6, 1.0.0 to 1.0.7 under SSL VPN web portal allows an unauthenticated attacker to download system files via special crafted HTTP resource requests.
CVE-2020-12812
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 83 Ransomware CWE-178 Jul 24, 2020
Fortinet FortiOS SSL VPN Improper Authentication Vulnerability
An improper authentication vulnerability in SSL VPN in FortiOS 6.4.0, 6.2.0 to 6.2.3, 6.0.9 and below may result in a user being able to log in successfully without being prompted for the second factor of authentication (FortiToken) if they changed the case of their username.
CVE-2019-5591
Medium · 6.5
KEV Urgent · 73 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-306 Aug 14, 2020
Fortinet FortiOS Default Configuration Vulnerability
A Default Configuration vulnerability in FortiOS may allow an unauthenticated attacker on the same subnet to intercept sensitive information by impersonating the LDAP server.
CVE-2021-35464
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-502 Jul 22, 2021
ForgeRock Access Management (AM) Core Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
ForgeRock AM server before 7.0 has a Java deserialization vulnerability in the jato.pageSession parameter on multiple pages. The exploitation does not require authentication, and remote code execution can be triggered by sending a single crafted /ccversion/* request to the server. The vulnerability exists due to the usage of Sun ONE Application Framework (JATO) found in versions of Java 8 or earlier
CVE-2021-22986
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-918 Mar 31, 2021
F5 BIG-IP and BIG-IQ Centralized Management iControl REST Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3 amd BIG-IQ 7.1.0.x before 7.1.0.3 and 7.0.0.x before 7.0.0.2, the iControl REST interface has an unauthenticated remote command execution vulnerability. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Software Development (EoSD) are not evaluated.
CVE-2020-5902
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-22 Jul 1, 2020
F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.
CVE-2018-6789
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 87 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-120 Feb 8, 2018
Exim Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
An issue was discovered in the base64d function in the SMTP listener in Exim before 4.90.1. By sending a handcrafted message, a buffer overflow may happen. This can be used to execute code remotely.
CVE-2021-22205
Critical · 10.0
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-94 Apr 23, 2021
GitLab Community and Enterprise Editions Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 11.9. GitLab was not properly validating image files that were passed to a file parser which resulted in a remote command execution.
CVE-2018-7600
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-20 Mar 29, 2018
Drupal Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Drupal before 7.58, 8.x before 8.3.9, 8.4.x before 8.4.6, and 8.5.x before 8.5.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code because of an issue affecting multiple subsystems with default or common module configurations.
CVE-2017-9822
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 86 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-94 Jul 20, 2017
DotNetNuke (DNN) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
DNN (aka DotNetNuke) before 9.1.1 has Remote Code Execution via a cookie, aka "2017-08 (Critical) Possible remote code execution on DNN sites."
CVE-2019-11634
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 72 Ransomware CWE-284 May 22, 2019
Citrix Workspace Application and Receiver for Windows Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Citrix Workspace App before 1904 for Windows has Incorrect Access Control.
CVE-2019-19781
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-22 Dec 27, 2019
Citrix ADC, Gateway, and SD-WAN WANOP Appliance Code Execution Vulnerability
An issue was discovered in Citrix Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and Gateway 10.5, 11.1, 12.0, 12.1, and 13.0. They allow Directory Traversal.
CVE-2019-13608
High · 7.5
KEV Urgent · 73 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-611 Aug 29, 2019
Citrix StoreFront Server XML External Entity (XXE) Processing Vulnerability
Citrix StoreFront Server before 1903, 7.15 LTSR before CU4 (3.12.4000), and 7.6 LTSR before CU8 (3.0.8000) allows XXE attacks.
CVE-2020-3580
Medium · 6.1
KEV Urgent · 73 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-79 Oct 21, 2020
Cisco ASA and FTD Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks against a user of the web services interface of an affected device. The vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input by the web services interface of an affected device. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by persuading a user of the interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the interface or allow the attacker to access sensitive, browser-based information. Note: These vulnerabilities affect only specific AnyConnect and WebVPN configurations. For more information, see the Vulnerable Products section.
CVE-2021-42258
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 89 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-89 Oct 22, 2021
BQE BillQuick Web Suite SQL Injection Vulnerability
BQE BillQuick Web Suite 2018 through 2021 before 22.0.9.1 allows SQL injection for unauthenticated remote code execution, as exploited in the wild in October 2021 for ransomware installation. SQL injection can, for example, use the txtID (aka username) parameter. Successful exploitation can include the ability to execute arbitrary code as MSSQLSERVER$ via xp_cmdshell.
Sources: CISA KEV (knownRansomwareCampaignUse field) and ransomware.live (groups, TTPs and victim counts). The absence of a KEV flag does not mean a flaw is not used by ransomware.