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Ransomware Intelligence
CISA flags a vulnerability as "used by ransomware" only when a campaign is confirmed. These are flaws extortion groups have already exploited: fixing them first removes the most concrete risk.
361
CVEs used by ransomware · 21% of the KEV catalog
3
added in the last 90 days
173
critical
269
victims posted (30 days)
410
groups tracked
Vendors most exploited by ransomware
Most common weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-22 · Path Traversal36
- CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write27
- CWE-502 · Deserialization of Untrusted Data25
- CWE-94 · Code Injection15
- CWE-287 · Improper Authentication14
- CWE-306 · Missing Authentication for Critical Function14
- CWE-78 · OS Command Injection14
- CWE-59 · Link Following13
- CWE-416 · Use After Free11
- CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)10
Most active groups (30 days)
Victims posted on leak sites, according to ransomware.live. Victim names are not displayed.
| Group | Victims | Last activity |
|---|---|---|
| N0n | 77 | 9h |
| thegentlemen | 35 | 1d |
| qilin | 28 | 14h |
| Wallstreet | 15 | 2d |
| lockbit5 | 9 | 1d |
| play | 9 | 2d |
| iah6477 | 8 | 22h |
| incransom | 7 | 3d |
| Helix | 7 | 8h |
| THE SEVEN DEADLY SINS | 7 | 3d |
| everest | 7 | 2d |
| akira | 6 | 3d |
Most affected countries (30 days)
- United States90
- Brazil15
- South Korea12
- Sweden10
- United Kingdom8
- Germany7
- Japan6
- Singapore5
- India5
- Thailand5
Most affected sectors (30 days)
- Transportation34
- Professional Services31
- Manufacturing31
- Healthcare28
- Technology25
- Other16
- Retail & E-Commerce12
- Financial Services12
- Education9
- Energy & Utilities9
Groups and the CVEs they exploit
clop 5akira 3alphv 3conti 3hive 3play 3medusa 2vicesociety 2atomsilo 1blackbyte 1blackshadow 1BrainCipher 1esxiargs 1frag 1handala 1icefire 1incransom 1karma 1lockbit 1maze 1nightsky 1nightspire 1nokoyawa 1revil 1reynolds 1underground 1CVEs used in ransomware campaigns
117 result(s)
CVE-2021-40444
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 94 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-22 Sep 15, 2021
Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Microsoft is investigating reports of a remote code execution vulnerability in MSHTML that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially-crafted Microsoft Office documents.
An attacker could craft a malicious ActiveX control to be used by a Microsoft Office document that hosts the browser rendering engine. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the malicious document. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights.
Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint both provide detection and protections for the known vulnerability. Customers should keep antimalware products up to date. Customers who utilize automatic updates do not need to take additional action. Enterprise customers who manage updates should select the detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer and deploy it across their environments. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts will be displayed as: “Suspicious Cpl File Execution”.
Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take the appropriate action to help protect our customers. This may include providing a security update through our monthly release process or providing an out-of-cycle security update, depending on customer needs.
Please see the Mitigations and Workaround sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability.
UPDATE September 14, 2021: Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. Please see the FAQ for important information about which updates are applicable to your system.
CVE-2019-0859
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 71 Public exploit Ransomware Apr 9, 2019
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows when the Win32k component fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0685, CVE-2019-0803.
CVE-2021-26411
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 82 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-416 Mar 11, 2021
Microsoft Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability
Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability
CVE-2019-0803
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 90 Public exploit Ransomware Apr 9, 2019
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows when the Win32k component fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0685, CVE-2019-0859.
CVE-2021-31207
Medium · 6.6
KEV Urgent · 85 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-434 May 11, 2021
Microsoft Exchange Server Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Microsoft Exchange Server Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
CVE-2021-34527
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 84 Public exploit Ransomware Jul 2, 2021
Microsoft Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Windows Print Spooler service improperly performs privileged file operations. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could run arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.
UPDATE July 7, 2021: The security update for Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10, Version 1607 have been released. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. If you are unable to install these updates, see the FAQ and Workaround sections in this CVE for information on how to help protect your system from this vulnerability.
In addition to installing the updates, in order to secure your system, you must confirm that the following registry settings are set to 0 (zero) or are not defined (Note: These registry keys do not exist by default, and therefore are already at the secure setting.), also that your Group Policy setting are correct (see FAQ):
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Printers\PointAndPrint
NoWarningNoElevationOnInstall = 0 (DWORD) or not defined (default setting)
UpdatePromptSettings = 0 (DWORD) or not defined (default setting)
Having NoWarningNoElevationOnInstall set to 1 makes your system vulnerable by design.
UPDATE July 6, 2021: Microsoft has completed the investigation and has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. If you are unable to install these updates, see the FAQ and Workaround sections in this CVE for information on how to help protect your system from this vulnerability. See also KB5005010: Restricting installation of new printer drivers after applying the July 6, 2021 updates.
Note that the security updates released on and after July 6, 2021 contain protections for CVE-2021-1675 and the additional remote code execution exploit in the Windows Print Spooler service known as “PrintNightmare”, documented in CVE-2021-34527.
CVE-2021-1732
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 94 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-787 Feb 25, 2021
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Windows Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVE-2021-34473
Critical · 9.1
KEV Urgent · 100 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-918 Jul 14, 2021
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE-2019-0708
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-416 May 16, 2019
Microsoft Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Remote Desktop Services formerly known as Terminal Services when an unauthenticated attacker connects to the target system using RDP and sends specially crafted requests, aka 'Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability'.
CVE-2016-7255
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 90 Public exploit Ransomware Nov 10, 2016
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607, and Windows Server 2016 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
CVE-2017-0143
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 86 Public exploit Ransomware Mar 16, 2017
Microsoft Windows Server Message Block (SMBv1) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
The SMBv1 server in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2; Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1; Windows 7 SP1; Windows 8.1; Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2; Windows RT 8.1; and Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607; and Windows Server 2016 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted packets, aka "Windows SMB Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This vulnerability is different from those described in CVE-2017-0144, CVE-2017-0145, CVE-2017-0146, and CVE-2017-0148.
CVE-2020-0688
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 96 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-287 Feb 11, 2020
Microsoft Exchange Server Validation Key Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.
CVE-2021-34523
Critical · 9.0
KEV Urgent · 98 Public exploit Ransomware Jul 14, 2021
Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVE-2020-0878
Medium · 4.2
KEV High · 61 Ransomware CWE-787 Sep 11, 2020
Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability
<p>A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that Microsoft browsers access objects in memory. The vulnerability could corrupt memory in a way that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain the same user rights as the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, the attacker could take control of an affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.</p>
<p>An attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Microsoft browsers, and then convince a user to view the website. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites, or websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements, by adding specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability. In all cases, however, an attacker would have no way to force users to view the attacker-controlled content. Instead, an attacker would have to convince users to take action, typically via an enticement in email or instant message, or by getting them to open an email attachment.</p>
<p>The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how Microsoft browsers handle objects in memory.</p>
CVE-2016-0167
High · 7.8
KEV Urgent · 75 Ransomware Apr 12, 2016
Microsoft Win32k Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0143 and CVE-2016-0165.
CVE-2021-38647
Critical · 9.8
KEV Urgent · 93 Public exploit Ransomware Sep 15, 2021
Microsoft Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE-2014-1812
High · 8.8
KEV Urgent · 84 Public exploit Ransomware CWE-255 May 14, 2014
Microsoft Windows Group Policy Preferences Password Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The Group Policy implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 does not properly handle distribution of passwords, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive credential information and consequently gain privileges by leveraging access to the SYSVOL share, as exploited in the wild in May 2014, aka "Group Policy Preferences Password Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Sources: CISA KEV (knownRansomwareCampaignUse field) and ransomware.live (groups, TTPs and victim counts). The absence of a KEV flag does not mean a flaw is not used by ransomware.